Microids' Corsairs takes the standard real-time strategy model, tosses in a great deal of new ingredients, shakes well, and decants the not-quite-ripe mixture into single mission-sized mugs. The resulting brew is, all things considered, a cut above the most common of swill, if for no other reason than its distinctive flavor. However, its unattractive colors and bitter edge of frustration will probably keep it from endearing itself to the palates of more discriminating strategy grognards. Corsairs takes place on the high seas in the age of sail; you may opt to serve either France (as the intrepid explorer Cartier) or Britain (as Captain Blood).
Once you make your choice, your corsair sets out upon his journey, armed with his own vessel and a message from the local governor containing the details of his next mission. From the get-go, you'll be faced with a handful of immediate objectives.
One of the most common tasks is building up a substantial fleet. This can be achieved by docking the corsair's vessel at a nearby friendly trading post and initiating building in the town's shipyard. Up to twelve different kinds of ships are available, each of which varies in terms of number of cannons, storage capacity, crew, speed, and toughness.
Each ship can then be customized in terms of its cargo and crew, its munitions, its sails, and its behavior in future battles. Of course, ships aren't free. In order to keep his fleet strong, your corsair will have to pay for each new craft.
Keeping one's pockets full is an endeavor in itself and can be remedied by means of trading various goods (silk, coffee, sugarcane, copper, jewels, and spices) for money in various ports of call or by discovering pirate loot buried on a deserted beach. Once you've lined your pockets and amassed an armada, it's time to unfurl your sails and get to work. The missions, though generally linear in nature, usually involve a handful of various goals sent to you by governor's missive. You may find yourself waging real-time ship-to-ship combat against dastardly pirates, attacking an enemy trading post or searching for buried treasure. All this might sound interesting enough and sufficiently different from most other real-time strategy games.
Unfortunately, despite its promises of high adventure and pirate riches, Corsairs winds up nickel-and-diming itself to death. Frankly, Corsairs isn't gold, and it doesn't glitter. Though the decor of some of the interface screens, bedecked with yellowed parchment and oil-painting portraits, is more or less spot on, on the whole, the in-game graphics are poor at best. The ships and ports - and nearly everything else in the game - are low-resolution, hand-drawn sprites that look decidedly dated. The members of your crew, shown in an overhead view during boarding combat, look especially bad.
Though a ship's crew is composed of three kinds of units - the corsair, the officer, and the bald-headed grunt known simply as the sailor - the majority of troops on deck will be the same-looking sailors. As such, you will spend most boarding combats staring down at hordes of shiny, flesh-colored bowling balls with swords stumbling over each other. Accompanying Corsairs' unimpressive visuals is its equally unimpressive sound. The combat sound effects, particularly the firing of cannons and the clashing of swords, though slightly subdued, are for the most part adequate and do not offend.
Many of the voice samples are likewise forgivable, but some, particularly the snooty emissary who announces the governor's messages, can get annoying rather quickly. Corsairs' musical score, much like its sound effects, is mediocre.
To its credit, the music is appropriate to the pirate theme; most tracks are simple, upbeat affairs characterized by the duo of a high-pitched piping flute and a lively violin. Unfortunately, that's pretty much all there is. Nearly all of the game's tracks are simple, brief compositions looped endlessly, and as a result, they all get tiresome quickly. Of course, a game's superficial blemishes can be forgiven in light of its superior gameplay. Lamentably, Corsairs has no such saving grace, possessing instead numerous interface problems that weigh the already troubled game down further. Though billed as a game of both military and financial strategy, Corsairs' trading system is nothing more than buy low, sell high.
Simply bring your ships to the port that is selling goods the cheapest, stock up, head out to the port that is paying the most for that particular product, and unload. If you're still strapped for cash, go and do it again. The process is tedious, to say the least, since goods and money cannot be transferred en masse - in order to unload those 55 tons of sugar cane, you will have to click your mouse 55 times. Considering that you'll be dealing with vessels that have in excess of 2000 tonnage, you'd do well to consider putting aside your cutlass and eye patch in favor of an ergonomic mouse and an ace bandage for your wrist. Though Corsairs boasts a 'reputation' system, wherein the less experienced landlubber will have to haggle with merchants, while the more decorated warrior should command more respect and better market prices, it doesn't actually seem to have any real impact on trade or finance. Even the most grizzled veteran will find himself back at Port So-And-So, clicking away at the trade screen.
Regardless of whether you become the terror of the deep or remain a lowly cabin boy, no amount of renown will allow you to take meaningful control of your units. Specifically, you cannot select any of your units unless they are in view on the main map (the 'select all' button is useless in this regard). What often occurs as a result is that you'll scroll the map away from your ships, either to locate your trading or mission-based destination or to observe any enemy activity, then have to jump back to your units, select them all, and send them on their way.
This mild annoyance is quickly exacerbated by Corsairs' poor unit pathfinding. It's not uncommon at all to set a straight-line path even over a short distance, only to have one or more of your ships split off from the rest to take the 'shortcut' all the way around the map.
In addition, if one of your ships is blocked by another, the first ship can and often will come to a complete stop and be left behind. Should either of these problems occur, you'll be stuck scrolling around the map finding the stragglers and bringing them back to the flock, as well as stopping the ships that were on course, all in order to regroup. This makes large-scale offensives far more difficult than they should be, to say nothing of mid-sea ambushes by enemy ships, which can and do happen often.
In addition, the differing ship speeds, which should have played an interesting and important strategic role in naval combat, only serve to make these problems worse: All too often, the straggler will be one of your slower ships. As a result, your frontrunners, which will nearly always be your fastest ships, will speed off the main screen while you desperately try to locate your off-course vessels. As you might expect, ship speed is roughly inversely proportional to hull strength, so your faster, weaker ships will cruise right into enemy territory without your slower, stronger ships to provide reinforcements, and will be blasted to smithereens, or worse, be captured and converted to the enemy's cause before you can even get your troops together.
Adjusting each ship's sails carefully doesn't do much to offset the speed difference, either. Given these control difficulties, faster ships simply aren't reliable and are all but useless. Boarding combat is unfortunately no better. As mentioned earlier, the majority of boarding units are the grunt sailors, who are armed with cutlasses and fight up close. These grunts are as dumb as boards themselves; often, they'll bottleneck on the gangplanks between ships, doing absolutely nothing. You can alleviate the traffic a bit by using grapnels to swing across, though you have to manually guide your units to do so, and only one unit may use a grapnel at a time. Of course, swinging on a grapnel takes several precious seconds, so the usual sequence of events is as follows: You guide one lone, solitary sailor to swing across into the midst of the enemy's crew; he recovers and is cut down fast enough to allow you to have another lone, solitary sailor queued up and ready to swing across.
Your other six sailors stuck on the gangplanks between ships must certainly appreciate it, as does your corsair, who, if he dies, promptly ends your mission in defeat. Corsairs' unusual backdrop gave it the potential to follow in the footsteps of Sid Meier's strategy classic Pirates! Unfortunately, its cumbersome interface and lackluster presentation drag it straight down to Davy Jones' locker.
Error creating thumbnail: File missing Basic Information Price $5.99 Developer Microids GOG Publisher Anuman Interactive GOG Release Date October 15, 2013 Installer Information Total Size Entry not found Language Entry not found Version Entry not found MD5 Hash Other Information Original Release Date April 30, 1999 Compatibility. Windows XP. Windows Vista.
Windows 7. Windows 8 Languages English, French, Italian, German, Spanish, Dutch, Polish, Portuguese Extras. soundtrack. manual. artworks Like it? Contents. Official overview Plunge into a world of adventure and freedom and discover the excitement of sailing, the thirst for gold, thundering cannons, and savage pirate attacks.
A fascinating quest will drive you to the four corners of the Earth and new adventures will await you in each port along your journey. You will accumulate fortune for yourself and for your country, either by force or through your shrewd business dealings. As an accomplished warrior and a skillful negotiator, only strategy will serve to forge your reputation. You may even succeed in becoming more admired than the king and more feared than the most barbaric of pirates! Release information Extras. soundtrack.
manual. artworks Patches and modifications Official patches Unofficial patches Modifications Known issues GOG trivia Sale History Price Discount Promo Date(s) Y/M/D Notes $1.79 70% 2014/05/23 - 2014/05/26 Links.
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There is little English product description on the packing: “Offer your parched skin an intensively hydrating infusion of moisture plus vital nutrients and experience the dramatic firming and cooling results you thought only a professional spa treatment could deliver” I spend an average of 10 hours a day squinting away at the computer during work and then at home while blogging. And not to mention, countless hours of drama watching (plus maybe some crying) and lack of sleep contributes to my panda eyes. After trying numerous high end creams and serum, I am convinced that no eye cream can replenish the amount of hydrating my fatigue eyes need. Hence I use eye mask at least 3 times a week. I have tried this sort of eye mask, which works well, but it too time consuming to use. Because it very slippery, you have to lie down in order for the mask to stay in place.
I have to lie in Dracula position for 30 min in order to see any benefits. By these days, I really can’t find the time to do so. So now I favor Petitfee Gold EGF Eye and Spot Patch. The sales person claims that the gold bits will detoxify, improve circulation, eliminate waste and purify the skin.
EGF stands for Epidermal Growth Factor, which helps cell growth, rejuvenate the skin and speed up healing, which is good for wrinkles. Petitfee Gold EGF Eye and Spot Patch comes in a tub with 30 pairs of eye patches and 30 pieces of round circular patches. It also has a spatula to minimise contamination while users pick up the jelly like hydrogel patches.
You need to use it for 30 min for the maximum benefits. The patches are supple and bouncy, feel very moist, but is not soaking wet with essence. Because of this, it stays put and does not slide off the eye area. I can put it on, wear my glasses and remain functional. Like with every other face mask, you can refrigerate it for a more cooling sensation.
I leave the seal on to keep the product fresh. There is some essence at the bottom of the tub and I don’t want this precious essence to dry up. Before using the eye mask, I will flip the tub upside down for a few seconds, then flip it back again. This coats the eye masks on top with a layer of essence. I place the side of the eye mask WITH the essence onto the skin.
You can only do this if you keep the seal intact, otherwise the essence will leak out from the screw cap. I experience no stinging nor discomfort.These are the benefits I observe after using Petitfee Gold EGF eye patch: -Reduced dark circles -Hydrated eye area -Cooling sensation soothes my eyes. Cooing sensation even lasts for about 15 min after removal of mask -Eye area feels tighter So here is the much anticipated before and after picture, the effectiveness is quite obvious You can use the round patch like this (cut into half using the edge of the spatula), but I find it uncomfortable, so I use the spot patch in between my brows to prevent frown lines, or on my cheekbones to lighten pigmentation.
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Game or Patch Questions? Visit MAIN N E T W O R K Corsairs Der Korsar System Language Protection CD Cover: PC:: + +: Index Game Fixes:. Game Trainers & Unlockers:. Game Tools:. 15 -02-2010 olesio File Archive 242 KB Play Instructions:. Follow the included installation instructions! 09 -09-2004 DEVIOUS File Archive 118 KB 11 -04-2003?
File Archive 17 KB Play Instructions:. Install the game - Full Installation. Extract the SDCRACK105.EXE Patch from the File Archive to the game directory. Execute the Patch to remove the CD-Check. Play the Game!
TeTe File Archive 2 KB CD-Copy Instructions:. Create the following temporary directories:. TempDir#1: C: TEMP CD. TempDir#2: C: TEMP AUDIO.
Copy the full contents of the original CD to TempDir#1 except for the Corsairs.prt and setup.dll files. Extract the following dummy files from the File Archive to the TempDir#1:. Corsairs.prt.
setup.dll. Extract all Audio/CDDA tracks to TempDir#2.
Create a Mixed-Mode CD and burn the contents of TempDir#1 (DATA) & TempDir#2 (AUDIO) to a 74 minutes CD-R and use the same CD-Label as the original CD. Play the game!
NOTE: No additional patch is needed to play the game!
Map by (1832) Lundy is the largest island in the. It lies 12 miles (19 km) off the coast of, England, in the district of, about a third of the distance across the channel from Devon, England to. Lundy gives its name to a and is one of the. Lundy has been designated by as 159, one of England's. In 2007, Lundy had a resident population of 28 people, including volunteers. These include a warden, ranger, island manager and farmer, as well as bar and house-keeping staff.
Most live in and around the village at the south of the island. Most visitors are, although there are 23 holiday properties and a camp site for staying visitors, mostly also around the south of the island.
In a 2005 opinion poll of readers, Lundy was named as Britain's tenth greatest natural wonder. The entire island has been designated as a and it was England's first statutory, and the first, because of its unique flora and fauna. It is managed by the on behalf of the. Sketch of Beacon Hill Cemetery Beacon Hill Cemetery was excavated by in 1969.
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The cemetery contains four inscribed stones, dated to the 5th or 6th century AD. The site was originally enclosed by a curvilinear bank and ditch, which is still visible in the south west corner. However, the other walls were moved when the Old Light was constructed in 1819. Enclosures of this type were common in Western Britain and are known as in and Lanns in. There are surviving examples in, in Cornwall;, and in Wales; and, and, in Devon. Thomas proposed a five-stage sequence of site usage:. (1) An area of and fields.
These huts may have fallen into disuse before the construction of the cemetery. (2) The construction of the focal grave, an 11 by 8 ft (3.4 by 2.4 m) rectangular stone enclosure containing a single grave. The interior of the enclosure was filled with small granite pieces. Two more cist graves located to the west of the enclosure may also date from this time.
(3) Perhaps 100 years later, the focal grave was opened and the infill removed. The body may have been moved to a church at this time. (4) & (5) Two further stages of cist grave construction around the focal grave. 23 cist graves were found during this excavation. Considering that the excavation only uncovered a small area of the cemetery, there may be as many as 100 graves.
Inscribed stones. Inscribed stones Four have been found in Beacon Hill Cemetery:.
1400 OPTIMI, or TIMI; the name Optimus is Latin and male. Discovered in 1962 by D. 1401 RESTEVTAE, or RESGEVTA, female i.e.
Resteuta or Resgeuta. Discovered in 1962 by D.
1402 POTITI, or POTIT, Latin, male. Discovered in 1961 by K. Gardener and A. 1403 -IGERNI FILI TIGERNI, or—IGERNI FILI TIGERNI, male i.e. Tigernus son of Tigernus. Discovered in 1905. Knights Templar Lundy was granted to the by in 1160.
The Templars were a major international maritime force at this time, with interests in North Devon, and almost certainly an important port at or on the in. This was probably because of the increasing threat posed by the sea raiders; however, it is unclear whether they ever took possession of the island.
Ownership was disputed by the Marisco family who may have already been on the island during reign. The Mariscos were fined, and the island was cut off from necessary supplies. Evidence of the Templars' weak hold on the island came when, on his accession in 1199, confirmed the earlier grant.
Marisco family. Marisco Castle In 1235 William de Marisco was implicated in the murder of Henry Clement, a messenger of. Three years later, an attempt was made to kill Henry III by a man who later confessed to being an agent of the Marisco family.
William de Marisco fled to Lundy where he lived as a virtual king. He built a stronghold in the area now known as Bulls' Paradise with 9 feet (3 m) thick walls.
In 1242, Henry III sent troops to the island. They scaled the island's cliff and captured William de Marisco and 16 of his 'subjects'. Henry III built the castle (sometimes referred to as the Marisco Castle) in an attempt to establish the rule of law on the island and its surrounding waters. At some point in the 13th century the monks of the order at held the rectory of the island. Piracy Over the next few centuries, the island was hard to govern. Trouble followed as both English and foreign pirates and – including other members of the Marisco family – took control of the island for short periods.
Ships were forced to navigate close to Lundy because of the dangerous shingle banks in the fast flowing and, with its tidal range of 27 feet (8.2 m), one of the greatest in the world. This made the island a profitable location from which to prey on passing -bound merchant ships bringing back valuable goods from overseas.
In 1627 from the occupied Lundy for five years. The North African invaders, under the command of renegade, flew an flag over the island. Some captured Europeans were held on Lundy before being sent to as slaves.
From 1628 to 1634 the island was plagued by pirate ships of French, Basque, English and Spanish origin. These incursions were eventually ended by, but in the 1660s and as late as the 1700s the island still fell prey to French privateers. Civil war In the, held Lundy for King, rebuilding Marisco Castle and garrisoning the island at his own expense. He was a friend of, a strong supporter of the cause and an expert on mining and coining. It was the last Royalist territory held between the and civil wars.
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After receiving permission from Charles I, Bushell surrendered the island on 24 February 1647 to Richard Fiennes, representing. In 1656, the island was acquired. One Puffin coin of 1929, bearing the portrait of Martin Coles Harman Hudson Heaven died in 1916, and was succeeded by his nephew, Walter Charles Hudson Heaven. With the outbreak of the, matters deteriorated seriously, and in 1918 the family sold Lundy to Augustus Langham Christie.
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In 1924, the Christie family sold the island along with the mail contract and the Lerina to, who proclaimed himself a king. Harman issued two coins of Half Puffin and One Puffin denominations in 1929, nominally equivalent to the British halfpenny and penny, resulting in his prosecution under the 's. The found him guilty in 1931, and he was fined £5 with fifteen guineas (£5 + £15.75) expenses. The coins were withdrawn and became collectors' items. In 1965 a 'fantasy' restrike four-coin set, a few in gold, was issued to commemorate 40 years since Harman purchased the island. Harman's son, was awarded a posthumous during the, in 1944. There is a memorial to him at the VC Quarry on Lundy.
Martin Coles Harman died in 1954. Residents did not pay taxes to the United Kingdom and had to pass through customs when they travelled to and from Lundy Island. Although the island was ruled as a virtual, its owner never claimed to be independent of the United Kingdom, in contrast to later territorial '.
Following the death of Harman's son Albion in 1968, Lundy was put up for sale in 1969., a British millionaire, purchased the island for £150,000 (£2,266,000 today) and gave it to the, who leased it to the. The Landmark Trust has managed the island since then, deriving its income from arranging day trips, letting out holiday cottages and from donations.
In May 2015 a sculpture by was erected on Lundy. It is one of five life-sized sculptures, Land, placed near the centre and at four compass points of the UK in a commission by the Landmark Trust, to celebrate its 50th anniversary. The others are at , , (, ), and (, ). The island is visited by over 20,000 day-trippers a year, but during September 2007 had to be closed for several weeks owing to an outbreak of. Wreck of Battleship Montagu. Remains of one of the Heinkels just south of Halfway Wall During the two German bombers crash landed on the island in 1941. The first was on 3 March, when all the crew survived and were taken prisoner.
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The second was on 1 April when the pilot was killed and the other crew members were taken prisoner. This plane had bombed a British ship and one engine was damaged by fire, forcing it to crash land. A few remains can be found on the crash site. Reportedly to avoid reprisals the crew concocted a story that they were on a reconnaissance mission. Geography. Lundy Granite The island of Lundy is 3 miles (5 km) long from north to south by a little over 0.6 miles (1 km) wide, with an area of 1,100 acres (450 ha).
The highest point on Lundy is Beacon Hill, 469 feet (143 m) above sea level. A few yards off the northeastern coast is Seal's Rock which is so called after the which rest on and inhabit the. It is less than 55 yards (50 m) wide. Near the jetty is a small. Geology The island is primarily composed of of 59.8 ± 0.4 – 58.4 ± 0.4 million years (from the ), with at the southern end; the plateau soil is mainly, with some.
Among the cutting the granite are a small number composed of a unique. This was given the name Lundyite in 1914, although the term – never precisely defined – has since fallen into disuse. Climate Lundy island lies on the borderline where the North and the Bristol Channel meet, so it has quite a mild climate. Lundy has cool, wet winters and mild, wet summers. It is often windy. Fog is a continual experience.
The record high temperature is 28.8°C (83.8°F) on 2 August 1990, and the record low temperature is -4.5°C (23.9°F) recorded just six months later on 7 February 1991. Lundy Island is in the USDA 9a plant hardiness zone. Lundy cabbage (growing at ) There is one plant species, the (Coincya wrightii), a species of primitive.
By the 1980s the eastern side of the island had become overgrown by (Rhododendron ponticum) which had spread from a few specimens planted in the garden of Millcombe House in, but eradication of this non-native plant has been undertaken by volunteers over the past fifteen years in an operation known on the island as 'rhody-bashing'. The vegetation on the plateau is mainly dry heath, with an area of waved heath towards the northern end of the island, which is also rich in, such as Teloschistes flavicans and several species of and. Other areas are either a dry heath/acidic grassland mosaic, characterised by heaths and ( Ulex gallii), or semi-improved acidic grassland in which ( Holcus lanatus) is abundant. Tussocky (Thrift) (Holcus/Armeria) communities occur mainly on the western side, and some patches of ( Pteridium aquilinum) on the eastern side. Fauna Terrestrial invertebrates Two invertebrate taxa are to Lundy, with both feeding on the endemic Lundy cabbage ( ).
These are the Lundy cabbage flea beetle ( ), a species of (family Chrysomelidae) and the Lundy cabbage weevil ( var. Pallipes), a variety of (family Curculionidae). In addition, the Lundy cabbage is the main host of a flightless of (another species of flea beetle) and a wide variety of other invertebrate species which are not endemic to the island. Another resident invertebrate of note is, the only British species of. Birds The number of ( Fratercula arctica), which may have given the island its name, declined in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, with the 2005 breeding population estimated to be only two or three pairs, as a consequence of depredations by brown and ( Rattus rattus) (which have now been eliminated) and possibly also as a result of commercial fishing for, the puffins' principal prey. Since 2005, the breeding numbers have been slowly increasing. Adults were seen taking fish into four burrows in 2007, and six burrows in 2008.
A group of six on Lundy, June 2008 As an isolated island on major migration routes, Lundy has a rich bird life and is a popular site for. Large numbers of ( Rissa tridactyla) nest on the cliffs, as do ( Alca torda), ( Uria aalge), ( Larus argentatus), ( Larus fuscus), ( Fulmarus glacialis), ( Phalacrocorax aristotelis), ( Haematopus ostralegus), ( Alauda arvensis), ( Anthus pratensis), ( Turdus merula), ( Erithacus rubecula) and ( Carduelis cannabina). There are also smaller populations of ( Falco peregrinus) and ( Corvus corax). Lundy has attracted many, in particular species from. The island's bird list totals 317 species. This has included the following species, each of which represents the sole British record:, and. Records of, and were also firsts for Britain (American robin has also occurred two further times on Lundy).
In 1987 and 1997 were Britain's second and fourth records, a in 1979 was Britain's second, an in 2004 was Britain's fourth, and a in 2001 Britain's third. Other that have been sighted (single records unless otherwise indicated) are:, (3 records), and crakes, (5 records), (2 records), and (2 records) sandpipers, and (3 records) cuckoos, (2 records) and wheatears, (3 records), and (2 records) thrushes, (2 records), (3 records), and warblers, and shrikes, (7 records), and warblers, (2 records) and (3 records) buntings, (2 records), and (2 records). Lundy is home to an unusual range of mammals, almost all introduced, including a distinct breed of wild pony, the. Until recently, Lundy and the in the were the only two places in the UK where the ( Rattus rattus) could be found regularly. In the rest of the United Kingdom they have largely been replaced by brown rats except for occasional sightings in port towns and the Thames Estuary. It has since been eradicated on the island, in order to protect the nesting seabirds. Other species which have made the island their home include the ( Halichoerus grypus), ( Cervus nippon), ( Sorex minutus) and feral ( Capra aegagrus hircus).
Unusually, 20% of the ( Leporidae) on the island are compared with 4% which is typical in the UK. In mid-2006 the rabbit population was devastated by, leaving only 60 pairs from the previous 15–20,000 individuals. ( Ovis aries) on the island have been shown to vary their behaviours according to nutritional requirements, the distribution of food and the risk of predation. Marine habitat In 1971 a proposal was made by the Lundy Field Society to establish a marine reserve, and the survey was led by Dr Keith Hiscock, supported by a team of students from. Provision for the establishment of statutory Marine Nature Reserves was included in the, and on 21 November 1986 the announced the designation of a statutory reserve at Lundy. There is an outstanding variety of marine habitats and wildlife, and a large number of rare and unusual species in the waters around Lundy, including some species of, and. In 2003 the first statutory No Take Zone (NTZ) for marine nature conservation in the UK was set up in the waters to the east of Lundy island.
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In 2008 this was declared as having been successful in several ways including the increasing size and number of within the reserve, and potential benefits for other marine wildlife. However, the no take zone has received a mixed reaction from local fishermen. On 12 January 2010 the island became Britain's first designated under the, designed to help to preserve important habitats and species. Transport. The Lundy Oldenburg sails into Harbour, past inflatable ThunderCat powerboats waiting to begin an offshore race. To the island There are two ways to get to Lundy, depending on the time of year.
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In the summer months (April to October) visitors are carried on the 's own vessel, which sails from both and. Sailings are usually three days a week, on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, with additional sailings on Wednesdays during July and August. The voyage takes on average two hours, depending on ports, tides and weather.
The Oldenburg was first registered in, Germany in 1958 and has been sailing to Lundy since her engine was replaced in 1985. In the winter months (November to March), the Oldenburg is out of service, and the island is served by a scheduled service from.
The helicopter operates on Mondays and Fridays, with flights between 12 noon and 2 pm. The is a field at the top of Hartland Point, not far from the Beacon. A grass runway of 435 by 30 yards (398 by 27 m) is available, allowing access to small aircraft skilfully piloted. Properly equipped and experienced canoeists can kayak to the island from Hartland Point or Lee Bay. This takes 4 to 6 hours depending on wind and tides. Entrance to Lundy is free for anyone arriving by scheduled transport.
Visitors arriving by non-scheduled transport are charged an entrance fee, currently (May 2016) £6.00, and there is an additional charge payable by those using light aircraft. Anyone arriving on Lundy by non-scheduled transport is also charged an additional fee for transporting luggage to the top of the island. On the island In 2007, Derek Green, Lundy's general manager, launched an appeal to raise £250,000 to save the mile-long Beach Road, which had been damaged by heavy rain and high seas.
The road was built in the first half of the 19th century to provide people and goods with safe access to the top of the island, 120 metres (394 ft) above the only jetty. The fund-raising was completed on 10 March 2009. Lighthouses.
Devon Location Lundy Island Year first constructed 1897 Automated 1985 Construction brick tower Tower shape cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern attached to 1-storey keeper’s house Markings / pattern white tower and lantern Height 17 m (56 ft) Focal height 48 m (157 ft) Current lens Orga Rml 302 SA rotating beacon with 6 position lampchanger Intensity 16,154 candela Range 17 nmi (31 km) Fl W 15s. Number A5616 number 6244 number ENG 074 Managing agent Trinity House Heritage Lundy South Lighthouse.
Lundy South Lighthouse Location Lundy Island Year first constructed 1897 Automated 1985 Construction brick tower Tower shape cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern attached to 1-storey keeper’s house Markings / pattern white tower and lantern Height 16 m (52 ft) Focal height 53 m (174 ft) Current lens Orga Rml 302 SA rotating beacon with 6 position lampchanger Intensity 13,000 Candela (South) Range 15 nmi (28 km) Fl W 5s. Number A5618 number 6248 number ENG-075 Managing agent Trinity House Heritage Foundations for a on Lundy were laid in 1787, but the first lighthouse (now known as the Old Light) was not built until obtained a 999-year lease in 1819. The 97-foot (30 m) granite tower, on the summit of Chapel Hill, was designed by, and built by Joseph Nelson at a cost of £36,000.
Because the site, Beacon Hill, is 469 feet (143 m) above sea level, the highest base for a lighthouse in Britain, the light was often obscured by fog. To counter this problem, the Fog Signal Battery was built about 1861. The lighthouse had two lights; the lower a fixed white light and the upper a quick flashing white light, showing every 60 seconds.
However, this quick revolution gave the impression it was a fixed light with no flashes detectable. This may have contributed to the grounding, at, of the La Jeune Emma, bound from to in 1828. 13 of the 19 on board drowned, including Adeline Coquelin, the 12-year-old niece of Napoleon Bonaparte's divorced wife. Owing to the ongoing complaints about the difficulty of sighting the light in fog, the lighthouse was abandoned in 1897 when the North and South Lundy lighthouses were built. The Old Light and the associated keepers' houses are kept open by the. The current North Lundy and South Lundy lighthouses were built in 1897 at the extremities of the island to replace the old lighthouse. Both lighthouses are painted white and are run and maintained by Trinity House.
The North lighthouse is 56 feet (17 m) tall, slightly taller than the south one, and has a focal plane of 157 ft (48 m). It produces a quick white flash every 15 seconds, and was originally lit by a 75 mm (3 in) petroleum vapour burner. Oil was lifted up from a small quay using a sled and winch, and then transported using a small railway (again winch-powered). The remains of this can be still seen, but it was abandoned in 1971 and the lighthouse now uses a discharge bulb fed from the island's main supply.
The northern light was modernised in 1991 and converted to solar power, since when the light has been mounted on top of the old fog horn building rather than in the tower. The South lighthouse has a of 174 feet (53 m) and a quick white flash every 5 seconds. It can be seen as a small white dot from, 11 miles to the south east. It was automated and converted to in 1994. The old fresnel lens has been in use since 2001 in. Electricity supply There is a small power station comprising three B and C series, offering an approx 150 kVa 3 phase supply to most of the island buildings.
Waste heat from the engine jackets is pipe. There are also plans to collect the waste heat from the engine exhaust heat gases to feed into the district heat network to improve the efficiency further. The Power is normally switched off between 0000 and 0630.
Staying on the island Lundy has 23 holiday properties, sleeping between one and 14 people. These include a lighthouse, a castle and a Victorian mansion. Many of the buildings are constructed from the island's granite. The island also has a campsite, at the south of the island in the field next to the shop. It has hot and cold running water, with showers and toilets, in an adjacent building. The island is popular with rock climbers, having the UK's longest continuous slab climb, 'The Devil's Slide'. Administration The island is an of district of the of.
It forms part of the of. It is part of the constituency electing the for and the. Stamps Owing to a decline in population and lack of interest in the mail contract, the ended its presence on Lundy at the end of 1927. For the next two years Harman handled the mail to and from the island without charge. On 1 November 1929, he decided to offset the expense by issuing two postage stamps (½ puffin in pink and 1 puffin in blue). One puffin is equivalent to one English penny.
The printing of Puffin stamps continues to this day and they are available at face value from the Lundy Post Office. One used to have to stick Lundy stamps on the back of the envelope; but Royal Mail now allows their use on the front of the envelope, but placed on the left side, with the right side reserved for the Royal Mail postage stamp or stamps. Lundy stamps are cancelled by a circular Lundy handstamp. The face value of the Lundy Island stamps covers the cost of postage of letters and postcards from the island to the Bideford Post Office on the mainland for onward delivery to their final destination anywhere in the world. The Lundy Post Office gets a bulk rate discount for mailing letters and postcards from Bideford. Lundy stamps are a type of postage stamp known to philatelists as 'local carriage labels' or 'local stamps'. Issues of increasing value were made over the years, including air mail, featuring.
Many are now highly sought-after by collectors. The market value of the early issues has risen substantially over the years. For the many thousands of annual visitors Lundy stamps have become part of the collection of the many British Local Posts collectors. The first catalogues of these stamps included Gerald Rosen's 1970 Catalogue of British Local Stamps. Later specialist catalogues include Stamps of Lundy Island by Stanley Newman, first published in 1984, Phillips Modern British Locals CD Catalogue, published since 2003, and Labbe's Specialised Guide to Lundy Island Stamps, published since 2005 and now in its 11th Edition. Labbe's Guide is considered the gold standard of Lundy catalogues owing to its extensive approach to varieties, errors, specialised items and 'fantasy' issues.
There is a comprehensive collection of these stamps in the, donated by Barry Chinchen to the in 1977 and now held by the. This is also the home of the Landmark Trust Lundy Island Philatelic Archive which includes artwork, texts and essays as well as postmarking devices and issued stamps. In popular culture A ship named Lundy Island, 3,095 tons, was captured and sunk on 10 January 1917 by, a windjammer under the, but flying the.
Lundy island is prominently featured in ' juvenile gothic mystery, The Secret of the Underground Room. The plot highlights several geographical and historical points of interest, including the (De) Marisco family. The book was first published in 1990. Lundy features in the 1919 novel Last of the Grenvilles by (under his pseudonym, Bennett Copplestone) See also., former warden. References.